Calcium Phosphate-Loaded Novel Polypropylene Glycol-Based Dental Resin Composites: Evaluation of In Vitro Bioactivity
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Date
2023-04-04
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Abstract
Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to assess in vitro bioactivity of novel remineralizing dental
composites loaded with calcium phosphate fillers and chlorhexidine in polypropylene glycol (PPG)
resin matrix. Methods: The stock monomer was prepared by adding 69.75% urethane dimethacrylate
and 23.25% of the polypropylene glycol dimethacrylate with silica fillers, chlorhexidine (5 wt%), and
varying levels of calcium phosphate fillers. The study groups were BC (basic composite), commercial
control, CHX-CP5, CHX-CP10, and CHX-CP15, respectively. Bioactivity was assessed by placing
samples in the simulated body fluid (SBF) for 7, 14, and 28 days and observed under the scanning
electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Data were presented in mean and
percentage with a 95% confidence interval. Intergroup analysis was performed using one-way
ANOVA and the p-value was set 0.05. Results: The SEM images showed the deposition of calcium
phosphate on the surface of CHX-CP10 and CHX-CP15 after 28 days in SBF. Mineral deposits of
calcium and phosphate were observed on the surface of the experimental formulation containing
higher calcium phosphate fillers (CP10 and CP15) in EDX. Conclusion: The addition of calcium
phosphate fillers to the composites resulted in an apatite layer formed and demonstrated enhanced
bioactivity in the presence of PPGDMA and CHX.