Azra Naheed Dental College
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Azra Naheed Dental College (ANDC), a constituent college of The Superior University, Lahore, is committed to excellence in dental education, clinical practice, and research. This community provides access to scholarly articles, student research, faculty publications, and institutional archives that reflect the academic and professional achievements of the college.
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- May 2025: Final year BDS research projects have been uploaded. View the latest student work in the Theses Collection.
- April 2025: ANDC faculty publish new research on minimally invasive dentistry in the Pakistan Journal of Dental Sciences.
- March 2025: Launch of the digital repository to preserve and share scholarly work of Azra Naheed Dental College.
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Browsing Azra Naheed Dental College by Author "Prof Dr Asif Shahzad"
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Item Comparison of Efficacy of Buccal Infiltration Versus Buccal and Palatal Infiltration for Maxillary First Molar Extraction(2024-12-01) Prof Dr Asif ShahzadObjective: To evaluate the effectiveness of palatal and buccal infiltration against buccal infiltration only while extracting the maxillary first molar. Study Design: quasi experimental study Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Azra Naheed Dental College/Chaudhry Muhammad Akram Dental Hospital, Lahore from August 2022 to May 2023. Methods: After meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 100 patients (50 in each of the group) were enrolled for the study. In Group A (experimental) only buccal infiltration was given for extraction of maxillary first molar while in Group B (control) buccal plus palatal infiltration was used for the extraction of maxillary first molar. Efficacy was noted in both groups. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results: In our study from only buccal infiltration group the mean visual analogue score (VAS) of the patients was 2.90±1.61 and in buccal and palatal infiltration group the mean VAS of the patients was 2.64±1.67 (p-value=0.432). In only buccal infiltration group efficacy was achieved in 27(54%) patients and in buccal and palatal infiltration group it was achieved in 28(56%) patients (p-value=0.841) Conclusion: Both buccal infiltrations versus buccal and palatal infiltration are equally efficacious during extraction of maxillary first molar Key Words: Buccal Infiltrations, Palatal Infiltration, Extraction of Maxillary First MolarItem Epidemiological Profile of Zygomatic Complex Fractures, Including Frequency, Etiology, Patterns, and Treatment Modalities for Patients(2025-01-06) Prof Dr Asif ShahzadOBJECTIVE: The study is aimed to determine zygomatic fracture frequency, etiology, and treatment patterns. METHODOLOGY: This descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted at Chaudhry Muhammad Akram Dental Hospital, Lahore, from January 2022- June 2023 after ethical Approval vide no. ANDC/RAC/2021/15. The sample was selected using a non-probability convenience sampling technique, and data was collected on various factors including age, associated fractures, gender, cause of injury, and treatment modalities. The use of both categorical and quantitative data, along with the chi-square test for comparison. RESULTS: There were 12 females and 55 males, and the affected male-to-female ratio was 4.5:1. The mean age of patients was 30.69± 10.83SD, with peak frequency occurring in the age range of 16-25 years. The frequency of zygomatic right sided bone fracture was 37(55.22%), left sided 24(35.82%) and bilateral 6(8.96%). The common cause of zygomatic complex fracture was road traffic accidents in 64(95.5%) patients, fall 1(1.5%), and assault 2(3%) patients. There was a significant association between etiology with age (P=0.03) and age with gender (P=0.04). There was also a significant association of age with zygomatic-maxilla bone (P=0.03), zygomatic-nose (P=0.00), and orbital floor-zygomatic bone (P=0.00). Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) were performed in 64 (95.5%) patients, and 3(4.5%) patients received Arch bar elastics (ABE-ORIF). CONCLUSION: There was male predominance in road traffic accident and right-sided zygomatic bone being the most commonly affected. There was significant associations of etiology with age and gender, as well as age with associated fractures of the maxilla bone, nose, and orbital floor.Item Evaluation of Antimicrobial Peptides in Saliva as Potential Therapeutic Agents Against Oral Pathogens in Pakistan(2024-11-15) Prof Dr Asif ShahzadBackground: Maintaining optimal oral health is essential for overall well-being; however, conditions such as dental caries and gingivitis remain prevalent in Pakistan and are further worsened by increasing antibiotic resistance. Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial properties of salivary peptides as potential therapeutic agents against common oral pathogens in Pakistan. Methodology: A one-year cross-sectional study was conducted in Lahore, Pakistan, at Sharif Medical and Dental College and Akhter Saeed Medical and Dental College, involving 384 participants aged 18-65 years. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to isolate antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from oral swabs and saliva samples. Using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent test (ELISA), the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of histatin, defensin, and cathelicidin against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans was determined. T-tests and other statistical analyses were used to assess the significance of the results across demographic variables. Results: There were 210 men (54.69%) and 174 women (45.31%) in the participation group. A total of 298 individuals (77.60%) did not smoke, while 221 participants (57.56%) said they brushed their teeth every day. Moreover, 198 individuals (51.56%) had oral infections with S. mutans alone, 71 participants (18.49%) had oral pathogens with C. albicans alone, and 52 people (13.54%) had both. Histatin of 8.09 ± 2.13 μg/mL, defensin of 7.83 ± 2.31 μg/mL, and cathelicidin of 6.19 ± 1.57 μg/mL were the MIC values for salivary AMPs against S. mutans. MIC values for histatin, defensin, and cathelicidin against C. albicans were 10.57 ± 1.82 μg/mL, 9.01 ± 2.03 μg/mL, and 7.42 ± 1.73 μg/mL, respectively. Males had higher MIC values than females, and there were significant variations according to smoking status (p < 0.05) and age (p < 0.05), suggesting that smokers had lower AMP effectiveness. Conclusion: Salivary AMPs, particularly histatin, defensin, and cathelicidin, demonstrate strong potential as therapeutic alternatives against oral infections such as dental caries and gingivitis, suggesting a promising strategy to mitigate antibiotic resistance in Pakistan. Further research is needed to explore their application in clinical practice.